赵晓辉

       在大力发展城市公共交通已经成为社会共识的情形下，城市公共交通系统如何按照城市的对其提出的要求发展成为了新的课题。在这个背景下，城市公共交通系统对城市发展适应性的判断成为了公交发展现状分析的新特点。

       本文描述了适应城市可持续发展的公共交通系统的功能：满足居民出行需求；实现居民出行机会平等；达到资源环境的占有和消耗的最优化。在此基础上搭建了城市公共交通对城市可持续发展的适应性研究框架。城市公共交通对城市可持续发展的适应性的内涵可以分解为需求拉动条件下的适应性与供给约束下的适应性两方面。城市公共交系统对城市可持续发展的适应性的外延部分研究从网络适应性、制度适应性、组织适应性三方面展开。进而在对适应性机制研究的基础上，提出对适应性维度的测度从能力性、连通性、通畅性与结构性四个维度展开，并基于总量适应研究维度提出了基于公交规模的适应性指数作为定量判断城市公交发展状态的指标。

       本文从城市发展与城市环境发展的角度提出了基于资源约束的公交规模研究模型以确定需求拉动条件下的公交规模。基于适应性指数，采用坐标体系对城市公共交通系统的发展状态进行定位，基于不同状态利用层次分析法确定城市公交发展的关键性指标，提出相应的公交发展策略。

本文以惠州市为例，对惠州市公共交通系统对城市可持续发展的适应性进行了分析，并从总量适应的维度进行了定量判断，提出了规划年惠州市适应城市可持续发展的公交规模，并提出相应的公交发展策略。

关键词：公共交通，适应性，公交规模，可持续发展

    It’s known that the urban public transit develops rapidly. Therefore, the new topic about how the urban public transit system develops according to the city development appears. Under this circumstance, the evaluation of application of urban public transit system to the city development becomes a new feature of analyzing the state of the public transit.

    In this paper, the functions of urban public transit system which applies to the urban sustainable development are described. These functions are to meet the public travel demand, to balance the chances of residents’ travel and to optimize the occupation and consumption of the resources. Based on these functions, the writer puts forward the research frame about the urban public transit system’s application to the urban sustainable development. There are two aspects about the contents of the application. One is the application based on the demand’s pull, and the other one is the application based on the supply’s restriction. The study on the urban public transit system’s application to the sustainable development should be extended to network application, policy application and organization application. Furthermore, on the basis of the application mechanism, measurements of application such as the ability, connection, patency and construction are brought about form four dimensions.  Meanwhile, in the condition of the research about the overall application, the index of quantitatively evaluating the urban public transit development is put forward based on the public transit scale.

    From the angles of the city and the urban environment developments, the writer brings about the model of the public transit scale based on the resources restriction so that the public transit scale in the condition of demand pull can be determined. On the basis of the application index, the status of urban public transit development can be fixed by position lines. 

    At last, the public transit system of Huizhou is used as the case study, and its application to the urban sustainable development is analyzed and evaluated quantitatively from the aspect of the overall application. In the final, the paper gives the public transit scale applied to Huizhou sustainable development and some strategies to develop the public transit.

Key Words: public transit, application, public transit scale, sustainable development